Space and astronomy news
When doing the marketing for the James Webb Space Telescope , NASA and the other telescope contributors liked to point out how it would open up the early universe to scrutiny. They weren’t exaggerating, and now scientific studies are starting to proliferate that show why. A new study published by authors from Harvard, the University of Arizona, and the University of Cambridge used three surveys produced by the JWST to analyze the supermassive black holes at the center of early galaxies.
For example, the ratio of the weight of stars to the weight of the supermassive black hole in the center of our home Milky Way Galaxy is about 1000 to 1 – meaning the total mass of the stars outweighs the black hole by a factor of 1000. Similar ratios have been found for other galaxies with similar ages, such as Andromeda.However, the study found something quite different in older galaxies.
According to the new paper, the “heavy” seed model is more likely. It would be more likely to create large supermassive black holes, such as those seen in the JWST data, by allowing the accumulation of material from giant gas clouds to coalesce around a much larger starting mass. Simulations of this seed theory also predicted that the black holes in early galaxies would roughly mass the same as the galaxies they were surrounded by.
As any good scientist will tell you, if a theory or a model makes a stunning different prediction, and further data collection aligns with that prediction, then it’s a very good sign for the theory. That is precisely what happened in the case of the heavy seed theory and the JWST data. As described in the paper, the data closely fits the prediction made by heavy-seed modelers.
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