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"If the biosignatures can't be detected in Earth samples ... we should not expect these instruments to be capable of detecting evidence of life from Mars' early history.""If the biosignatures can't be detected in Earth samples ... we should not expect these instruments to be capable of detecting evidence of life from Mars' early history.
Keeping with the stony, arid environments of Mars, the researchers chose Red Stone, a dried-up river delta in the ancient Atacama Desert in Chile. Their initial analysis of Red Stone using some of the most advanced instruments available found signs — albeit scant — of microbial life, most of which they've novelly deemed "microbial dark matter.
Things really took a turn, however, when they examined the location using simulated instruments like those on Mars rovers like NASA's Curiosity and the upcoming ExoMars rover from the European Space Agency. Even when using far more sensitive versions of those instruments, they were either "barely able to detect specific biogenic organic compounds" — in the case of Curiosity's SAM instrument — or didn't detect organics at all, writes Carol R. Stoker, a planetary scientist at NASA Ames Research Center who peer-reviewed the study, in an
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