As people get older, their innate and adaptive immune responses develops a lower 'attention span' so fails to respond to a virus as quickly, allowing it to get the upper hand.
show that infected people under the age of 60 are at low—but not no—risk of dying from COVID-19. Curiously, young children do not appear to be at increased risk of serious COVID-19 complications, in contrast to what happens with other viruses, like the seasonal flu.However, the statistics get grimmer as the patients get older. Whereas people in their 60s have a 0.4 percent chance of dying, people in their 70s have a 1.3 percent chance of dying, and people over 80 have a 3.
During an infection, your B-cells can proliferate and produce antibodies that grab onto pathogens and block their ability to spread within your body. T-cells work by recognizing infected cells and killing them. Together they make up what scientists call your"adaptive" immune system. While white blood cells are powerful people protectors, they're not enough on their own. Luckily, your immune system has another layer, what's called your"innate" immune response. Every cell has its own little immune system that allows it to directly respond to pathogens quicker than it takes to mobilize the adaptive response.
The innate and adaptive immune systems can act together as a fine-tuned machine to detect and clear out pathogens.When a pathogen invades, the difference between illness and health is a race between how fast the pathogen can spread within you and how fast your immune response can react without causing too much collateral damage.
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