Walking upright has allowed us to become some of the best distance runners in the world, but at the expense of speed.
Death Valley's Badwater 135 is said to be the world's most extreme footrace, traversing 135 miles from the lowest elevation in North America to the highest elevation in the continental United States. On top of that, it's held in July, when temperatures along the route can rise above 120 degrees Fahrenheit .
One hypothesis to explain our distance running prowess, bolstered by a handful of bones found in Central Africa in 2001, suggests that roughly 7 million years ago, our ape-like ancestors left the trees to scavenge on the ground. At first, their movement was inefficient. But over several million years, as the climate warmed and open savannas dominated the landscape, early hominids evolved bipedal walking.
All of these adaptations led humans to adopt what's known as persistence hunting long before the advent of early weapons. Rather than sprinting to chase down prey, hunters likely followed their quarry for miles until the animal succumbed to exhaustion. Other animals do this too, but none can persistence hunt during the day or in hot climates.
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