You may have endured a frost quake, pogonip or Saskatchewan screamer without knowing it. Take our tour of weird weather terms to find out
Extreme weather is increasingly in the news these days. We’re accustomed to hearing about unusually strong hurricanes, tornadoes and even the polar vortex, but atmospheric events can get a lot weirder—as can the names we give them. Check out these bizarre weather phenomena and their intriguing monikers.
Derecho A widespread, severe and long-lived windstorm that moves rapidly in a straight line, usually driven by thunderstorms. The term derecho—a Spanish word meaning “straight”—designates a storm with gusts of at least 58 miles per hour and “straight-line wind” damage that extends more than 240 miles [see “Straight-Line Wind/Downburst/Microburst” at bottom].
Graupel There are soft snowflakes and hard hail pellets. In between, there’s graupel—a kind of soft hail. In uncommon atmospheric circumstances, very cold water droplets aloft freeze onto snowflakes and fall with them, hitting the ground with a squishy plop. Saskatchewan Screamer/Alberta Clipper A fast-moving, low-pressure weather system that forms when frigid Arctic air drops into Canada’s province of Saskatchewan as moist Pacific Ocean air simultaneously arrives from the west. The resulting collision sets off howling winds that blow southeast toward the U.S. Great Lakes region, whipping up local blizzards and whiteouts even when snowfall totals are modest.
Stormquake Some storms that rage over the ocean, notably hurricanes, can create very large waves that sometimes crash downward into the seafloor. This occasionally sets off vibrations in Earth’s surface similar to those from an earthquake. Although researchers only discovered the phenomenon a few years ago, by studying seismic records and storm tracks back in time, they found that thousands of stormquakes had occurred from 2006 to 2019 near the U.S. and Canadian coasts.
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