Tomorrow's weather may be cloudy with a chance of electrons, thanks to a newly detected phenomenon in Earth's magnetic shield.
However, the researchers added, electron rains may also pose a threat to astronauts and spacecraft in ways that space radiation models don't currently account for.
"Although space is commonly thought to be separate from our upper atmosphere, the two are inextricably linked," study co-author Vassilis Angelopoulos, a professor of space physics at the University of California Los Angeles ."Understanding how they're linked can benefit satellites and astronauts passing through the region."
Scientists have known for decades that energetic particles periodically rain down on our planet in small quantities. These particles originate in theOur planet's magnetosphere traps many of these particles in one of two giant, donut-shaped belts of radiation known as the Van Allen belts. Occasionally, waves generated within these belts cause electrons to speed up and tumble into Earth's atmosphere.
In their new research, the study authors analyzed electron showers in the Van Allen belts using data from two satellites: the Electron Losses and Fields Investigation spacecraft, a satellite about the size of a bread loaf that orbits low in Earth's atmosphere; and the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms spacecraft, which orbits Earth beyond the Van Allen belts.
Monitoring electron fluxes in the Van Allen belts from above and below, the team was able to detect electron rain events in great detail. The THEMIS data showed that these electron downpours were caused by whistler waves – a type of low-frequency
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