A team of international scientists found ozone concentrations in the stratosphere decreased by as much as 30 percent in spots shortly after the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai eruption in 2022.
By Kasha Patel, The Washington PostThe eruption of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai undersea volcano in the Pacific nation of Tonga on Jan. 15, 2022.
“This was never really documented before,” said Evan, adding that there wasn’t an eruption able to reach that altitude during the satellite era, which spans only recent decades. “This is the first time we’ve been able to get into a volcanic plume as fresh as this was,” said Rosenlof, a climate scientist at NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory. The plume moved over Réunion island in about a week.
“We know that volcanic emissions can trigger some chemistry inside the atmosphere, which can destroy ozone. But before these were observed months after a volcanic eruption,” said Evan, an atmospheric scientist at the French National Center for Scientific Research. “What is interesting is the decrease that you’re seeing, at 5 percent, is happening in two weeks.”
Scientists have seen ozone concentrations decrease after a volcanic eruption - but never at this scale. After the 1991 Mt. Pinatubo eruption, researchers saw ozone concentrations decrease in the tropics at these altitudes, but that was also months after the eruption.
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