This bizarre Antarctic icefish has antifreeze in its blood and can survive in temperatures below 32 F
The Antarctic blackfin icefish is an extraordinary animal that inhabits the Earth’s coldest marine environment and can survive in temperatures below the freezing point of freshwater.Now, an international team of researchers has mapped more than 30,000 of the fish’s genes, completing its genome—the complete set of genetic material in an organism—according to a study published in the journal Nature Ecology & Evolution.
“Icefishes evolved mechanisms that appear to compensate for loss of oxygen-binding proteins, including enormous hearts with increased stroke volume relative to body size, enhanced vascular systems, and changes in and morphology [body structure,]” the authors wrote in the study.Perhaps most beneficially, they evolved the ability to manufacture proteins that act as a kind of"antifreeze"—enabling them to survive as the Southern Ocean cooled.
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