Magnetic imaging unlocks crucial property of 2D superconductor cornell NatureComms
= 3.6, 3.6, and 2.9 for device A, B, and C, respectively. All voltage measurements are taken with a Stanford Research SR560 preamplifier with a 100 MOhm input impedance. For the SQUID measurements, the field coil was driven at approximately 1 kHz, and the field coil current was set low enough that the sample response did not vary with the current . The SQUID is gradiometric and therefore insensitive to uniform background fields.
The SQUID signal exhibits a small non-zero phase with respect to the field coil drive even far away from a sample. This is likely due to a small parasitic impedance in the electronics and wiring. This effect is negligible on the in-phase response from a superconducting sample. However, its effect on the out-of-phase response can be substantial, because that part is small or zero.
Two background signals contribute to our measurement signal which we subtract from the raw data. First, the field coil is counter-wound around the gradiometric squid to minimize the mutual inductance between the SQUID and the field coil. However, a slight remaining mutual inductance caused by lithographic imperfections is present such that we detect a non-zero offset signal even far above the sample.
and include the offset in mutual inductance. We subtract this background from the raw magnetic response data. After that, a small amount of smoothing was applied to each resulting curve. The data was sampled more finely in temperature than needed given the width of observed features, and therefore the smoothing only reduces the noise on the traces without changing any features. A three-pass local regression algorithm was used for smoothing, with 5% of the total data used to smooth at each point.
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