The last week of July heralded not one but two scientific breakthroughs that have left the academic community abuzz.
The last week of July heralded not one but two scientific breakthroughs that have left the academic community abuzz and may bring us one step closer to the holy grail of fusion energy.
Some have heralded it as the"holy grail" of energy production, but there is one problem: fusion requires vast amounts of energy to achieve due to the sky-high temperatures and pressures necessary for the reaction to take place.naratrip boonroung/Getty On July 30, the lab repeated the experiment and achieved an even higher energy return than they had in December, according to a Lawrence Livermore spokesperson. However, the final results, and thus the value of Q, are still being analyzed.
Research into nuclear fusion can be split into two branches: lasers and magnetic confinement. In both cases, the atoms involved are heated to super-high temperatures and confined in a small area, which forces them to fuse. The reactor at Lawrence Livermore uses an array of lasers to create these conditions. Magnetic confinement, meanwhile, uses powerful magnets to contain this super-hot mixture.
"Magnetic fields are used in a tokamak to confine and control plasma—the fusion fuel —allowing it to be heated to a temperature above 100 million degrees Celsius," David Kingham, executive vice chairman and co-founder at Tokamak Energy Ltd., toldThese magnetic fields are generated by passing a large electric current through metal conductors. Today, the material used for the conductors is copper.
"To maintain fusion conditions, a tokamak must withstand extreme temperature limits less than one meter apart—plasma temperatures hotter than the sun and cryogenic temperatures for our superconducting magnets."
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