Saturn's stormy weather leaves such a long-lasting mark in the planet’s atmosphere that we can still detect traces of a tempest that occurred in 1876
A radio image of Saturn shows traces of past storms. The broad, bright band near the top of the image is the aftermath of a 2010 stormWhen it rains on Saturn, it pours. Every 10 to 20 Earth years, Saturn experiences enormous storms kilometres wide, which look like huge white blotches in the atmosphere with tails stretching all the way around the planet. Now, scientists have found that remnants of these tempests stick around inThey found these traces using the Karl G.
“We know that these storms are big, but based on our daily experience of weather we’ve never considered the possibility that these storms can leave such a long remnant after hundreds of years,” says Li. “On Earth, weather comes and goes, but on Saturn it sticks around.”The anomalies they found were areas of the atmosphere in which ammonia was depleted at higher altitudes but relatively abundant at lower altitudes. These most likely correspond to areas where ammonia rained down from the upper atmosphere, possibly in the form of“On Earth, if you have a heavy rain you accumulate water on the ground in puddles,” says Li. “But on giant planets there’s no surface, so where could that rain go? It just evaporates.”Voyage across the galaxy and beyond with our space newsletter every month.
Surprisingly, these observations of Saturn’s weather pose a sharp contrast to similar observations of, which could help us unravel the inner workings of gas giants more generally. “They have similar compositions, they have similar gravity, but why is the weather so different? It’s these contrasts that can help us understand giant planets,” says Li.
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