A recent study has discovered that teeth may have the ability to preserve antibodies for several centuries. This could provide scientists with a valuable resource for exploring the history of infectious diseases in humans. Antibodies are proteins that the immune system generates in response to pa
Teeth can preserve antibodies for centuries, potentially enabling the study of historical human diseases, according to a study led by the University of Nottingham. Functional antibodies from 800-year-old teeth were found to still recognize viral proteins, expanding the field of palaeoproteomics. Credit: Robert Layfield, University of Nottingham
Antibodies are proteins that the immune system generates in response to pathogens such as viruses and bacteria. These proteins function to identify these harmful microbes, enabling the immune system to target and eliminate them from the body.antibodies extracted from 800-year-old medieval human teeth were found to be stable and still able to recognize viral proteins.
Palaeoproteomics can reach back into deep time with ancient proteins already successfully recovered and identified after preservation in 1.7-million-year-old dental enamel from an ancient rhinoceros and an ostrich eggshell more than 6.5 million years old. In this new study, the authors also found preliminary evidence that, like the medieval human teeth, mammoth bones nearly 40,000 years old appear to preserve stable antibodies.
“In discovery science, we come to expect the unexpected, but the realization that intact, functional antibodies can be purified from skeletal remains in the archaeological record was quite astonishing. Some ancient proteins were known to be stable, but these tend to be ‘structural’ proteins such as collagens and keratins, that are pretty inert.”
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