The study offers the first precise understanding of crucial remodeling processes in adipose tissue. Fat cells utilize fat molecules as a means of energy storage. These molecules are comprised of three fatty acids attached to a glycerol backbone, and are commonly referred to as triglycerides. It has
Fat droplets in the fat cell of a mouse: The membrane of the droplets was stained green, and the fat stored in them was stained red. Credit: Johanna Spandl / University of BonnFat cells utilize fat molecules as a means of energy storage. These molecules are comprised of three fatty acids attached to a glycerol backbone, and are commonly referred to as triglycerides.
“We were able to show that these triglycerides do not remain unchanged, but are continuously degraded and remodeled: Each fattyis split off about twice a day and reattached to another fat molecule,” the researcher explains. Poorly utilizable fatty acids would consequently be refined into higher-quality variants and stored in this form until they are needed.
“Overall, in this way the cells produce fatty acids that are more beneficial to the organism than those that we had originally supplied with the nutrient solution,” Thiele emphasizes. In the long term, this results for instance in the formation of oleic acid, a component of high-quality olive oil, from palmitate, such as that contained in palm fat. However, the cell cannot change the fatty acids as long as they are inside the fat molecule.
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