The new technique involves capturing carbon dioxide from seawater, while current carbon capture methods mostly focus on removing the gas from air.
Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have developed an efficient system to capture carbon dioxide from seawater, aCurrent carbon capture methods largely focus onfrom the air. However, ocean waters are a larger carbon sink that absorbs as much as 40 percent of carbon emissions produced by human activity. Unlike air-based carbon capture, where the carbon dioxide needs to be first concentrated, carbon levels in seawater are 100 times greater and can be captured directly.
The process is complex and costly as the membranes needed for the process are expensive and also need chemicals to drive the reactions at the electrodes. A research team led by Alan Hatton, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT, worked to simplify the process andTheir newly developed method does not use membranes and instead uses a reversible reaction at the electrodes to capture carbon.
The water is then fed to a second set of cells where the voltage is reversed, and protons are recovered to turn the water alkaline before it is released back into the sea. The press release said that when one set of electrodes is depleted of protons, the roles of the two cells can be reversed.MIT researchers are looking at the reinjection of alkaline water as a localized measure to reduce the acidification of oceans.
To reduce the capital expenditure associated with setting up such facilities, the researchers suggest co-locating the technology with existing infrastructure such as desalination plants, offshore drilling platforms, and aquaculture farms. Carbon, thus removed from the oceans, could be converted into compounds like ethanol or specialty chemicals. Alternatively, it could be buried in geological formation under the sea floor, the researchers added.In recent years, the ocean has come to be recognized as a global-scale reservoir for atmospheric CO2. The removal of CO2 from ocean water is thus considered a compelling approach to reduce ambient CO2 concentrations, and potentially achieve net-negative emissions.
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