Hibernating bears produce less of a protein that helps blood to clot.
As anyone who’s taken a long flight knows, sitting still for too long is a major pain. It can also present a serious health hazard, as inactivity can lead to blood clots in leg veins and the lungs. Yet this risk doesn’t affect hibernating bears, which lay still for months at a time.
For two winters, the researchers trekked through the snow to dig out sleeping brown bears wearing GPS collars. They tranquilized 13 bears, took blood samples, then returned the bears to their dens to finish their winter naps. The following summers, they tracked the same bears and took more blood samples. Collaborators at the Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry looked for seasonal differences in the bears’ blood that might explain why it did not clot in the winter.
Next, the researchers looked at HSP47 in people with spinal cord injuries, who—like hibernating bears—don’t seem to develop blood clots very frequently, despite being immobile for long periods of time. They found these people, too, had relatively little HSP47 compared with others who were more mobile. That suggests their bodies were toning down the production of this protein in response to being immobilized.
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