The 'equatorial cold tongue' extends from Peru far into the western Pacific, across around a quarter of the Earth's circumference.
Global warming is causing the word's oceans to heat up—a process that can be observed in almost all regions of the planet.
Now, a team of researchers, led by Richard Seager from the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory at Columbia University, has published the results of a study in the journalwhich shows how the observed behavior of the cold tongue can be consistent with global warming models. "Through multiple model generations, climate models have simulated cold tongues that are too cold and which extend too far west," Seager said."These over-developed cold tongues in the models lead to equatorial environments that have too high relative humidity and too low wind speeds. These make the sea surface temperature very sensitive to rising greenhouse gases. Hence the model cold tongues warm a lot over the past decades.
The authors say that the study has several important implications for climate modelling. This is because the cold tongue plays a highly important role in determining the global climate, influencing phenomena such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation —a periodic fluctuation in sea surface temperature and air pressure of the atmosphere in equatorial regions of the Pacific—which has a significant part to play in dictating the weather around the world.
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