More than 30,000 children under age 10 have been arrested in the U.S. since 2013, according to new statistics compiled by the FBI.
The recent arrests of two 6-year-old students in Orlando, which prompted outrage and the firing of the officer who restrained one child's hands with flex cuffs, mirrors a persistent problem confronting law enforcement and schools with thousands of children arrested annually and treated like"mini-adults," experts said.
And 24 states have no minimum age to transfer juvenile cases to adult criminal court according to the Department of Justice's Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. An area of particular concern with juvenile arrests are those in school -- especially how discipline affects those of different races and how officers are trained to deal with children.
Kirkland said that if the school resource officer took the time to inquire, he would have learned the girl is prone to temper tantrums because she suffers from sleep apnea. -- In August, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 8th Circuit ruled that a school resource officer in Kansas City, Missouri, who handcuffed a crying 7-year-old boy for refusing to go to the principal’s office and leaving him cuffed there, was “a reasonable course of action” and did not violate the child's constitutional rights.
It was not clear how many of those incidents occurred in schools and data surrounding arrests in schools is somewhat murky. According to the U.S. Department of Education Civil Rights Data Collection for 2015-'16, the most recent data available, over 290,600 cases in schools were referred to law enforcement or resulted in arrest. Black students were disproportionately subject to those disciplinary measures -- representing 15% of the student body and 31% of referrals, a 16% gap .
Thurau said recruits in police academies are generally given a total of four to six hours of training on how to deal with disciplinary encounters with children, in schools and on the streets. And a 2013 report from the Bureau of Justice Statistics said that 62% of police recruits were trained on interacting with youth.
Mo Canady, executive director of the National Association of School Resource Officers, a nonprofit that trains about 10,000 school resource officers a year across the nation, said more than just training goes into a good SRO. "We want officers to understand the science behind that. What's going on with kids at different phases of their lives and how much brain development impacts that," Canady said."When we understand that and officers are well educated on that, then they're better able to de-escalate situations. So that's a critically important piece."
When she was a former assistant attorney general in charge of the Office of Justice Programs in the Obama administration, Mason was part of a task force that presented a report called "My Brother's Keeper" to President Barack Obama in 2014, which included guidance on how schools and police should handle disciplining young children.
In July, the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights released the report"Beyond Suspensions: Examining School Discipline Policies and Connections to the School-to-Prison Pipeline for Students of Color with Disabilities" that analyzed more than 2.7 million student suspensions handed out at U.S. public schools in the 2015-'16 academic year.
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Nearly 30,000 children under age 10 have been arrested in the US since 2013: FBIThe recent arrests of two 6-year-old students in Orlando, which prompted outrage and the firing of the officer who restrained one child's hands with flex cuffs, mirrors a persistent problem confronting law enforcement and schools with thousands of children arrested annually and treated like '
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