Could cleaning the air help clean up violent crime? This study thinks so.
A massive study of daily air quality across nearly 400 U.S. counties finds a direct connection between dirtier air and higher rates of violent crime, including assault and domestic violence.
Researchers used eight years’ of data — from 2006 to 2013 — on crime rates, pollution, wildfire smoke and weather to calculate the correlations. These included crime data from the Federal Bureau of Investigations’ National Incident Based Reporting System; pollution data from the Environmental Protection Agency’s Air Quality System network of monitors and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Hazard Mapping System; and weather data from Oregon State University’s PRISM Climate Group.
The researchers were able to compare short-term, and even daily, changes in pollution by county with the incidence of crime. The effects were greater at low temperatures, they said. And they kicked in well below the EPA’s current air quality standards. This study is far from the first to find a link between air quality and other social outcomes. Perhaps the most notable study has been the so-called lead crime hypothesis, which argues that the surge in crime rates in U.S. cities from the 1960s to the early 1990s was a result of children growing up breathing lead from car exhausts.
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