From the Archives: For many Pueblo Indians, the ladder is at once a practical tool and a powerful metaphor. The ladder is used to descend and ascend—and to cross multiple worlds.
One of the oldest inhabited communities in North America, Acoma is known as a “place that always was.” This pueblo rests atop a monumental 357-foot-tall mesa in western New Mexico. Today, the mesa holds approximately 300 adobe structures that house 30 Acoma religious leaders year-round. Other members of Acoma Pueblo live below in various satellite villages. Traditional ladders such as this one can see be seen around the pueblo.Between A.D.
Pueblo Indian communities in New Mexico and Arizona center around the Pueblo people’s traditional homes, or pueblos, which are stone and wood structures covered in a mud mixture called adobe. The buildings are constructed into multilevel terraced apartments and, in some cases, contain hundreds of rooms and stand five stories high. In centuries past, most of these rooms were entered by ladder through a hole in the ceiling.
In the arid Southwest, ladders were precious items, since the wood they were constructed from—tall evergreens such as pine and spruce—had to be harvested hundreds of miles away. Today, most pueblos have ground-level doorways, but ladders are used for reaching upper floors. People also descend into underground ceremonial chambers calledPueblo tradition says humans first emerged onto the earth from the underworld. Origin stories recount the first people traveling up a reed .
Rina Swentzell, a Santa Clara Pueblo author, potter, and historian, beautifully captured these connections between the physical and the symbolic in Pueblo life in the chapter she contributed to the book. “The Pueblo myths, stories, songs, and prayers,” she wrote, “describe a world in which a house or structure is not an object—or a machine to live in—but is part of a cosmological world view that recognizes multiplicity, simultaneity, inclusiveness, and interconnectedness.
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