Why did so many buildings fall in the earthquake? Structures in Turkey that were constructed before 1999 used lots of concrete and masonry, making them brittle and more vulnerable to collapse.
"Anything built prior to 2000 can be considered very dangerous," he says. Further, even with the newer building codes, enforcement is"not very robust," so even some of the latest construction is not necessarily up to standards.More steel equals more-quake-resistant structures
The amount of steel and the types of concrete in a building can make the difference between structures still standing in the earthquake zone and those that lie in ruins, says Alanna Simpson, a senior disaster risk management specialist at the World Bank based in Bucharest. "Buildings made of steel would actually respond quite well in earthquakes because they're a little bit flexible," she says."So the more steel reinforcement in a building, the better it's likely to respond."She says the building codes in Turkey were updated again in 2018. But the country's"legacy buildings" are still vulnerable, and that goes for much of the rest of the world, too, she says."It's a global problem.
It's also important to note that Monday's quake was so large and shallow that"in almost any part of the world [where] a similar earthquake would happen, you would see substantial damage to older buildings," Simpson says. As for building back safer buildings,"it takes much longer than anybody would hope to reconstruct after such a big tragedy," she says."It's expensive and it needs a lot of coordination and public outreach."
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