A decade ago, about 200,000 Californians lived in areas where they were exposed to extreme smoke. By 2020, 4.5 million did.
Childs and her colleagues found that in 2020, when five of the largest fires in recorded history burned uncontrolled for many weeks, over 12 million Californians were exposed to at least one day of air so choked with smoke that anyone, including healthy adults, who spent time outside would feel its negative effects. On the federal air quality index, or AQI, these extreme smoke days reach a level of around 175, the middle of the"unhealthy" range.
"We really underestimated the dramatic increase, especially in extreme days, and the number of people being exposed to even one of these extreme days," said Childs, now a fellow at the Harvard University Center for the Environment and Harvard School of Public Health. "It's hard to think of another environmental exposure where things have changed so quickly," said climate economist Marshall Burke, associate professor of Earth system science at the Stanford Doerr School of Sustainability and co-author of the paper.
Nadeau, who was not involved in the new research, says those conditions emphasize the importance of the work, which she says"is going to help us understand more about the public health effects," especially from extreme spikes in smoke pollution., also called the Stanford team's work"an exciting advancement."
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