“The ability to look at these small, faint galaxies … gives you a sense of how all galaxies must look when they start forming stars.”
with another galaxy cluster, the teams report separately in a pair of papers submitted to arXiv.org on July 14.
“Two separate clusters have merged together, and it looks to us as if it’s not totally settled yet,” Pascale says. “What we might be looking at is an ongoing merger.” Some scientists are already investigating those distant galaxies in detail. The first JWST data include not just pretty pictures but also spectra, measurements of how much light an object emits at various wavelengths. Spectra allow scientists to determine how much a distant object’s light has been stretched — or redshifted — by the, which is a proxy for its distance. Such data can also help reveal a galaxy’s composition and the ages of its stars.
Carnall and colleagues turned their attention to the spectra of the distant galaxies just a few days after the SMACS image was released. They measured the redshifts of 10 galaxies, five of which, the team reports in a paper submitted to arXiv.org on July 18. One had already been highlighted as the most distant galaxy ever seen, with light that was emitted just 500 million years after the Big Bang 13.8 billion years ago. The other four shone as late as 1.1 billion years after the Big Bang.
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