Science, Space and Technology News 2024
Most U.S. workers are in occupations that have only emerged widely since 1940, according to a large-scale study of 80 years of U.S. census data, led by MIT economist David Autor. Credit: Jose-Luis Olivares, MIT; iStockIn 1900, Orville and Wilbur Wright listed their occupations as “Merchant, bicycle” on the U.S. census form. Three years later, they made their famous first airplane flight in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. So, on the next U.S.
Finally, the study brings novel data to a tricky question: To what extent does technology create new jobs, and to what extent does it replace jobs?.
He adds: “When we rebuild the electrical grid, we’re going to create new occupations — not just electricians, but the solar equivalent, i.e., solar electricians. Eventually that becomes a specialty. The first objective of our study is to measure ; the second is to show what it responds to and how it occurs; and the third is to show what effect automation has on employment.”
All told, among “professionals,” essentially specialized white-collar workers, about 74 percent of jobs in the area have been created since 1940. In the category of “health services” — the personal service side of health care, including general health aides, occupational therapy aides, and more — about 85 percent of jobs have emerged in the same time. By contrast, in the realm of manufacturing, that figure is just 46 percent.
That corresponds with levels of education. The study finds that employees with at least some college experience are about 25 percent more likely to be working in new occupations than those who possess less than a high school diploma.
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