How do human body–associated microbes spread? The transmission landscape of human microbiomes nature
) and among people who live in close contact with each other, such as partners, children, or friends . They analyzed more than 9,000 stool and saliva samples from participants in 20 countries and all continents in the world.
The researchers also discovered that the oral microbiome is transmitted in a markedly different way from the gut microbiome. The bacteria present in the saliva are in fact transmitted even more frequently, but mostly horizontally. The transmission by the mother at birth is minimal, but the more time people spend together the more bacteria they share.
Nicola Segata explained,"In adulthood, the sources of our microbiomes are mostly the people we are in close contact with. The duration of interactions—think for example of students or partners sharing an apartment—is roughly proportional to the number of bacteria exchanged."
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