The discovery of the giant planet Halla suggests that planets close to their stars can survive the rapid expansion seen as they enter their end-of-life red giant phase.
For Baekdu, which currently fuses helium into heavier elements at its core, the predicted pathway to the red giant phase should have seen it swell out to around 65 million miles wide. This prompted the researchers to theorize how a planet can now exist around Baekdu at a distance of around 46 million miles , where it can complete an orbit in just 94 Earth days.
Another possible survival mechanism is the chance that something may have changed the traditional evolution of Baekdu into a red giant star, possibly a merger with abinary partner. White dwarfs are born after the red giant phase when the puffed-out outer material disperses and leaves a cooling stellar core called a white dwarf.
There is some evidence that this is the case with Baekdu, as the outer layers of the star seem to be overly rich in the element lithium, something that is characteristic of white dwarf/red giant mergers.
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