The annual Global Terrorism Index said that the number of terrorist deaths worldwide fell significantly from 2017 to 2018.
The causes of such a trend are myriad, but Killelea said there is"a rise in people who are disaffected with the system," borne out in a loss of belief in political leadership and democratic ideals and exacerbated by economic inequality and a lack of opportunity.
Fighting the trend will require engaging in a"constructive dialogue" with people from at-risk communities, Killelea added, to understand and hopefully address the factors that drive them to extremism. With the U.S. seeking an off-ramp in Afghanistan, an emboldened Taliban has intensified its attacks. Fighters have inflicted significant casualties on government forces, and pushed ever closer towards key strategic cities. Both the Taliban and the local ISIS affiliate—ISIS Khorasan Province—have regularly targeted Kabul.
The developments have raised fears that hardened ISIS fighters will soon be released into Europe, perhaps bringing with them plans for attacks in the continent's cities. Other nations recording an increase of 100 terrorism-related deaths or more over the year were Nigeria, Mali and Mozambique, all of which have been grappling with extremist Islamic violence. Killelea said these nations require significant attention in the future.
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