Results provide close-up view of melting beneath Antarctic Glacier using underwater robot Icefin. The rapid retreat of Thwaites Glacier in West Antarctica appears to be driven by different processes under its floating ice shelf than researchers previously understood, a team of scientists has conc
The icefin robot under the ice near McMurdo research station, operated by the US Antarctic Program. Credit: Rob Robbins USAPThe rapid retreat of Thwaites Glacier in West Antarctica appears to be driven by different processes under its floating ice shelf than researchers previously understood, a team of scientists has concluded.
A layer of fresher water between the bottom of the ice shelf and the underlying ocean slows the rate of melting along flat parts of the ice shelf. Surprisingly, however, the melting had formed stair-case-like topography across the bottom of the ice shelf. In these areas, as well as in cracks in the ice, rapid melting is occurring.
The new data were collected as part of the MELT project, one of the projects in the U.K.-U.S. International Thwaites Glacier Collaboration, one of the largest international field campaigns ever undertaken in Antarctica. The MELT team undertook observations of the grounding line beneath the Thwaites Eastern Ice Shelf in order to understand how the ice and ocean interacts in this critical region.
Britney Schmidt, part of faculty at Cornell University’s Astronomy and Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, and a team of scientists and engineers deployed a robot calledthrough the 600-meter deep borehole. The vehicle is designed to access such grounding zones that were previously almost impossible to survey. The observationsmade of the seafloor and ice around the grounding zone provide more detail on the picture of how melting varies beneath the ice shelf.
“These new ways of observing the glacier allow us to understand that it’s not just how much melting is happening, butit is happening that matters in these very warm parts of Antarctica,” says Schmidt, the lead author of one of thepapers. “We see crevasses, and probably terraces, across warming glaciers like Thwaites. Warm water is getting into the cracks, helping wear down the glacier at its weakest points.
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