Gaining insight into the formation of dust grains in interstellar gas could provide astronomers with valuable knowledge and assist materials scientists in creating useful nanoparticles. Hokkaido University researchers and their colleagues from Japan and Germany have uncovered new information abou
The rocket carrying the experiment module being launched to carry out microgravity experiments. Credit: Swedish Space Corporation
researchers and their colleagues from Japan and Germany have uncovered new information about the origins of interstellar dust grains through laboratory and rocket-borne studies. The findings, published in the journal, could provide scientists with a deeper understanding of the formation process and lead to the development of more efficient and eco-friendly methods for creating nanoparticles with practical applications.
“Just as the shapes of snowflakes provide information on the temperature and humidity of the upper atmosphere, the characteristics of presolar grains in meteorites limit the environments in the outflow of gas from stars in which they could have formed,” explains Yuki Kimura of the Hokkaido team. Unfortunately, however, it has proved difficult to pin down the possible environments for the formation of grains consisting of a titanium carbide core and a surrounding graphitic carbon mantle.
The team explored the conditions that might recreate the grain formation in laboratory modeling studies guided by theoretical work on grain nucleation – the formation of grains from tiny original specks. This work was augmented by experiments performed in the periods of microgravity experienced aboard sub-orbital rocket flights.The results offered some surprises.
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