An international team of astronomers utilized the powerful supercomputers from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in the U.S.A. and the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. After years of dedicated research and consuming over five million supercomputer computing hours, they have finall
are the most spectacular endings for massive stars, as they conclude their life cycles in a self-destructive manner, instantaneously releasing brightness equivalent to billions of suns, illuminating the entire universe. During this explosion, heavy elements formed within the star are also ejected, laying the foundation for the birth of new stars and planets, and playing a crucial role in the origin of life.
What’s even more astonishing is that a few exotic supernovae exhibit irregular and intermittent variations in brightness, resembling fountain-like eruptions. These peculiar supernovae may hold the key to understanding the evolution of the most massive stars in the universe. These contractions release vast amounts of fusion energy and trigger explosions, resulting in great eruptions in the stars. These eruptions themselves can be similar to regular supernova explosions. Moreover, when materials from different eruption periods collide, it is possible to produce phenomena similar to superluminous supernovae.
Previous relevant simulations were mainly limited to one-dimensional and a few two-dimensional fluid models, whereas in exotic supernovae, multidimensional effects and radiation play a crucial role, influencing the light emissions and overall dynamics of the explosion.Radiation hydrodynamics simulations consider radiation propagation and its interactions with matter.
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