Copper-based catalysts developed by materials scientists help speed up the rate of carbon dioxide-to-methane conversion.
Technologies for removing carbon from the atmosphere keep improving, but solutions for what to do with the carbon once it's captured are harder to come by.
"Electricity-driven carbon dioxide conversion can produce a large array of industrial fuels and feedstocks via different pathways," said Soumyabrata Roy, a research scientist in the Ajayan lab and the study's lead author."However, carbon dioxide-to-methane conversion involves an eight-step pathway that raises significant challenges for selective and energy-efficient methane production.
The polymer templates, which were made of alternating carbon and nitrogen atoms, have tiny pores where copper atoms can fit at varying distances from one another. The catalysts assemble at room temperature in water with the copper atoms displacing the host metal ions in the polymer templates. When tested in a reactor, the catalysts enabled the reduction of carbon dioxide to methane in one half of the cell, while oxygen was produced from water in the other half.
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