If successful, China's Tianwen-3 mission could retrieve Mars samples in a historic first.
According to Zezhou's outline, Tianwen-3 is expected to land on Mars around September 2029, after which it will conduct surface sampling, drilling, and mobile intelligent sampling. The ascent vehicle will be made up of two stages, and it will be designed to remain intact at speeds of 4.5 kilometers per second.aerobraking test in Mars orbit later this year to help preparations for Tianwen-3. Tianwen-2 is set to launch towards a near-Earth asteroid for sampling at some point in 2025.
will return more comprehensive and diverse samples to Earth for analysis, but this will require more complex architecture, meaning it will most likely return to Earth after 2031.to its Mars Sample Return campaign, as it will now use two separate spacecraft for one lander mission to lower the risk by adding redundancy. Under the new schedule, ESA's Earth Return Orbiter will launch in 2027, and the samples will return to Earth in 2033.
China's Tianwen-3 mission, by contrast, will send a single lander and an ascent vehicle, which will return to an orbiter and return module. These will be sent to Mars on two separate launches aboard a The mission will build on the success of China's 2020 Chang'e-5 lunar sample return mission. If China's space agency is successful, it will have truly cemented itself as one of the world's leading space powers, alongside the U.S. and Russia.
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