Science, Space and Technology News 2024
Researchers from the Stiller Research Group have significantly cooled sound waves in an optical fiber to a near quantum ground state, reducing thermal noise and potentially bridging classical and quantum mechanics. This breakthrough, achieved through laser cooling and stimulated Brillouin scattering, marks a promising step towards utilizing long acoustic phonons in quantum technologies. Artist’s impression of cooled acoustic waves in an optical fiber taper.
Over the past decade, major technological advances have been made, making it possible to put a wide variety of systems into this state. Mechanical vibrations oscillating between two mirrors in a resonator can be cooled to very low temperatures as far as the quantum ground state. This has not yet been possible for optical fibers in which high-frequency sound waves can propagate. Now researchers from the Stiller Research Group have taken a step closer to this goal.
However, in this experiment, the length of the optical fiber was 50 cm, and a sound wave extending over the full 50 cm of the core of the fiber was cooled to extremely low temperatures. “These results are a very exciting step towards the quantum ground state in waveguides and the manipulation of such long acoustic phonons opens up possibilities for broadband applications in quantum technology,” according to Dr. Birgit Stiller, head of the quantum optoacoustics group.
Stiller: “This opens the door to a new landscape of experiments that allow us to gain deeper insights into the fundamental nature of matter.” The advantage of using a waveguide system is that light and sound are not bound between two mirrors, but propagating along the waveguide. The acoustic waves exist as a continuum – not only for certain frequencies – and can have a broad bandwidth, making them promising for applications such as high-speed communication systems.
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