Phlegm, blood, black and yellow bile were all thought to rule human bodies and behaviors in the Bard's day.
The theory of bodily humors has long since been discredited and discarded. But in the time of William Shakespeare, the humors were thought to dictate emotions of anger, grief, hope and fear — and if they were out of balance, people surmised that sickness or emotional chaos would ensue.from the National Library of Medicine explores the humors as Shakespeare and his contemporaries understood them, with the help of antique illustrations and the playwright’s words.
The exhibition uses characters from Shakespeare’s plays to illustrate the supposed effects of the humors. There’s Katharine Minola of “The Taming of the Shrew,” a sharp-tongued woman thought to have too much choler, the melancholic Ophelia of “Hamlet,” whose melancholia demonstrated an excess of black bile, and more.
The days of the humors are long gone, but the exhibition is a fun introduction to their supposed power — and their ongoing relevance in the Bard’s timeless plays.
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