Astronomers know that galaxies grow over time through mergers with other galaxies.
"We find clear kinematic evidence for shell structures in the Giant Stellar Stream, the Northeast Shelf and Western Shelf regions," the paper states."The kinematics are remarkably similar to the predictions of dynamical models constructed to explain the spatial morphology of the inner halo. The results are consistent with the interpretation that much of the substructure in the inner halo of M31 is produced by a single galactic immigration event 1–2 Gyr ago.
The study highlights similarities between Andromeda and Milky Way, strengthening the theoretical idea that mergers play a key role in galactic evolution and growth."M31 is remarkably similar to the Milky Way in that the inner halos of both galaxies are dominated by stars from a single accretion event," the paper states.
"It's amazing that we can look out at the sky and read billions of years of another galaxy's history as written in the motions of its stars."It was designed to measure the spectra of over 40 billion distant galaxies and quasars to map the large-scale structure of the Universe and how dark energy fuels its expansion. Along the way, it's showing us how galaxies merge over time.
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